CO2RE is the UK’s national research hub on Greenhouse Gas Removal (GGR).
Funded by UKRI, at CO2RE we conduct research on Greenhouse Gas Removal (GGR), co-ordinate demonstration projects around the UK, connect to other national and international programmes and commission grants through a flexible fund.
What we do
We are conducting cross-cutting research on the environmental, economic, social, cultural, ethical, legal and governance issues around GGR and co-ordinating across the national programme.
Who we are
CO2RE is a group of researchers and the co-ordinating Hub of the GGR-D Programme, the largest GGR programme funded by the UK government to date.
How we work
CO2RE is led by evidence and expertise, and values co-creation, engagement, diversity and inclusion. Responsible innovation is central to our approach.
What is CO2RE?
Funded through the UKRI SPF Greenhouse Gas Removal Demonstrators (GGR-D) Programme, CO2RE co-ordinates the Programme and conducts solutions-led research to evaluate a balanced portfolio of economically, socially and environmentally scalable GGR options, with associated policy design, engagement and outreach.
This will enable the UK to lead internationally on achieving global net-zero emissions, consistent with the Paris Agreement. Backed by six institutions and led by the Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment at the University of Oxford, this is the largest GGR programme funded by the UK government to date. Read more about the programme.
Events
The UK GGR Event
Event date - September 29, 2025
The CO2RE Hub and GGR-D Programme are excited to be hosting the UK GGR Event, taking place at the Royal Institution in central London ... Read more
GGR Insights: What types of CDR are ‘nature-based solutions’?
Event date - July 2, 2025
This is the third in our series of online webinars, GGR Insights, presenting the latest research and debating what is needed to enable ... Read more
GGR Insights: A taxonomy of policies to support carbon dioxide removal
Event date - June 18, 2025
This is the second in our series of online webinars, GGR Insights, presenting the latest research and debating what is needed to ... Read more
News and blogs
Policy Pathways to Achieve Net-Zero Goals: A New Look at Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)
By Siyu Feng, Johanna Arlinghaus, Joseph Stemmler, Steve Smith and Sam Fankhauser, based on their new working paper: A Taxonomy of ... Read more
CO2RE funds seven artists to create GGR inspired projects
CO2RE launches innovative art projects to showcase the potential of Greenhouse Gas Removal. From breath-activated bio-luminescent algae to peatland performance pieces, CO2RE Artists are creating a diverse range of projects to engage the public in the potential of Greenhouse Gas Removal (GGR). Read more
Nature-based solutions and GGR: Q&A with Dr John Lynch
Dr John Lynch is a researcher with The Agile Initiative at the Oxford Martin School, where he contributes to a range of environmental ... Read more
CO2RE funds five new durable GGR storage projects
CO2RE’s third Pathfinders Call sought research projects focused on innovation that had the potential to deliver safe and durable GGR storage solutions for at least a 1000 years. Read more
Analysis: The Seventh Carbon Budget – new net zero pathways for the UK
The UK's Climate Change Committee published its Seventh Carbon Budget on 26 February. In this analysis, Dr Steve Smith, Executive ... Read more
Reaction to the Seventh Carbon Budget
This week the UK's Climate Change Committee published its Seventh Carbon Budget. Established as part of the 2008 Climate Change Act, ... Read more
GGR-Peat researchers win Bezos Earth Fund prize
Two Co-Investigators in the GGR-Peat Demonstrator project have won a Bezos Earth Fund Greenhouse Gas Removal Ideation Prize. Dr ... Read more
Five steps agriculture in Wales should take to help reach net zero
By Dr Judith Thornton, Low Carbon Manager at Aberystwyth University and Project Manager at the Perennial Biomass Crops for Greenhouse ... Read more
How life cycle assessment methods can help decision-makers
The CO2RE Hub and the five GGR-D Demonstrators have recently collaborated on a new study that reviews the adequacy of Life Cycle ... Read more
Demonstrators and CO2RE Hub bring excitement and hope to Cardiff
By Natasha Martirosian, Research Associate on Monitoring, Reporting and Verification, University of Bristol. Excitement, hope, ... Read more
Grounded podcast wins Gold at the Signal Awards
The Grounded podcast, which tells the story of the Restord biochar start-up, has won Gold in the Sustainability and Environment ... Read more
Reaction to the Autumn Budget 2024
On Wednesday 30 October, UK Chancellor of the Exchequer Rachel Reeves set out the Labour government's first budget. In response, ... Read more
Now is the time to provide evidence to inform IPCC carbon removal reporting standards
This blog was written by Dr Steve Smith, CO2RE Executive Director, and Freya Chay, Program Lead at CarbonPlan. It was originally ... Read more
Future GGR Leaders Dive Deep into Land-Based Removal Techniques at Wales Roadshow
The Network visited research sites across Wales to gain deeper insights into the challenges and opportunities for land-based ... Read more
Curiosity, Learning, and Dialogue on Greenhouse Gas Removal
Image in header by Woven Ink Studio By Umme Hani Imani Despite its rapidly growing influence in climate science and policy, ... Read more
CO2RE Hosts the 3rd International Conference on Negative CO2 Emissions
Hundreds of people gathered in Oxford and online last month for the 3rd International Conference on Negative CO2 Emissions. The ... Read more
Delivering Greenhouse Gas Removal in the UK: Priorities for the government
Greenhouse gas removals (GGR) will play an increasingly important role in reducing net zero emissions in the near term, ... Read more
Job: Innovation Platform Manager – The Greenhouse Gas Removal Hub (NOW CLOSED)
Applications for this role are now closed. Do you want to work in climate innovation? Apply to play a central role in establishing ... Read more
9 ways to remove carbon dioxide from the air
This story, published by CO2RE and Imperial College London with support from the Grantham Institute, takes you on a journey through a range of techniques to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air. Written by George Hope and Philippa Westbury, it references some of the demonstrators who are at the forefront of the field. Read more
Modelling ocean alkalinity enhancement to combat climate change
Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) offers significant potential for carbon removal, but effective modeling, such as the Lagrangian approach proposed in this blog by Rachel White and Steve Rackley, is essential to understand its impact on CO2 drawdown and inform real-world applications. Read more
Research funding: Enhancing durability and realising GGR synergies (NOW CLOSED)
NOW CLOSED. CO2RE's Pathfinders competition call 3 is seeking to fund around four projects to research enhancing durability of storage ... Read more
CO2RE funds new approaches in methane and ocean Greenhouse Gas Removal
This article announces the winners of Pathfinders Call 2, a CO2RE competition to fund new approaches in methane and ocean Greenhouse Gas Removal Read more
Regulating removals: 3 ways to improve the EU’s Monitoring, Reporting and Verification legislation
Luka Štrubelj writes about a new CO2RE commentary that proposes improvements to the EU's for a Regulation establishing a Union certification framework for carbon removals Read more
Not all carbon removals are created equally. Here’s how to govern carbon dioxide removal permanence
In this blog post Josh Burke and Felix Schenuit explain how the permanence of Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) should be governed. Read more
Unlocking the challenges of Monitoring, Reporting and Verification in GGR: Insights from CO2RE’s workshop
Earlier this summer, CO2RE researchers Dr Sue Rodway-Dyer and Professor Joanna House from the University of Bristol convened a workshop on MRV for GGR. Some reflections are shared here. Read more
Radical approach: Harnessing chlorine radicals from seawater for methane removal
By Dr Qingchun Yuan, Aston University. Qing is principal investigator of a CO2RE-funded project investigating diffuse methane removal and remediation by engineering chlorine radicals. Read more
New funding and support for Greenhouse Gas Removal start-ups
CO2RE is working with The Greenhouse at Undaunted to provide funding and support for Greenhouse Gas Removal start-ups Read more
Enzymes: Could they speed up the storing of carbon in the Earth’s crust?
In this blog post, Professor Craig Storey of the University of Portsmouth explores whether enzymes could be the catalyst to speed up the reactions between pumped CO2 and basalts in cold areas of the Earth’s crust. Craig leads a CO2RE Pathfinders project. Read more
Who is buying Greenhouse Gas Removal credits and does it matter?
Josh Burke and Sam Fankhauser ask how we can build momentum and scale in the GGR industry - an industry that should be kept as small as possible Read more
Creating Principles for Credible GGR: Insights from CO2RE’s co-creation workshops
In this blog post, we discuss creating the Principles for Credible Greenhouse Gas Removal through CO2RE’s co-creation workshops Read more
‘Large gap’ between planned Carbon Dioxide Removal and what is needed to limit global warming, finds new report co-led by CO2RE researchers
By George Hope A new report, The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, finds that we are not on track to scale Carbon Dioxide Removal ... Read more
Building the new GGR industry: What roles for the government and private sector?
Building the new Greenhouse Gas Removal industry: What roles for the government and private sector? Read more
Field notes from an assembly of Greenhouse Gas Removal demonstrators
Dr Laurie Waller writes from a researcher workshop in Manchester on Greenhouse Gas Removal (GGR). He finds how field experiments often have a distinctive social life of their own and discusses how engagement with publics will likely prove crucial to the responsible innovation of GGR. Read more
Live in London: CO2RE experts feature on The Carbon Removal Show podcast
The folks from The Carbon Removal Show (TCRS) podcast joined our recent UK GGR Event: Current Innovations and Future Directions, to ... Read more
CO2RE funds four innovative GGR projects
CO2RE, the Greenhouse Gas Removal Hub, is funding four innovative projects to explore new methods for capturing greenhouse gases and ... Read more
Six key takeaways from the UK GGR Event
The two-day flagship event showcased the latest GGR research and innovation, highlighting its role in effective, sustainable and equitable climate action. Read more
Societal input is crucial if we are to scale up new climate tech
Societal input is crucial if we are to scale up net zero energy and new technologies for carbon dioxide removal. In doing so, we can build more democratic, acceptable and intelligent technological designs for everyone. Read more
UN climate report states need for carbon removal – CO2RE experts outline the key issues
The UN's IPCC climate report acknowledges the need for carbon dioxide removal to tackle climate change – CO2RE experts outline key issues to consider Read more
CO2RE Executive Director’s evidence cited in MPs’ letter to BEIS Minister
CO₂RE Executive Director Dr Steve Smith has been cited in a letter sent by the influential Environmental Audit Committee to Business ... Read more
GGR is going to be key for climate. Here’s how our research programme is helping lead the way
What needs to be done to build this burgeoning industry, and how CO2RE is helping the UK lead the way. Read more
Hub Executive Director gives oral evidence to the Environmental Audit Committee
Steve Smith provides information on Negative Emissions Technologies (NETs) Read more
CO2 removal is essential to achieving net zero
Cleaning up waste may not sound like the most exciting, cutting-edge area of innovation. But, in the context of climate action, it is an entirely accurate description. Read more
Climate change: Six priorities for pulling carbon out of the air
Scientists leading national greenhouse gas removal hub sketch out six priorities to get removals right. Read more
Major £30 million official backing for Oxford-led Greenhouse Gas Removal Programme
The CO2RE Hub has been chosen to probe innovative ways of removing greenhouse gases to help to stabilise the climate. Read more
UK invests over £30m in large-scale greenhouse gas removal
Research teams across the UK will investigate the viability of five innovative methods of large-scale greenhouse gas (GHG) removal from the atmosphere. Read more